Trump used the speech to make several ambitious promises, some of which may be difficult to deliver.
The most extraordinary was a proposal to pay every U.S. adult a $5,000 "Trump dividend" if Republicans win the elections and retain their control of both houses of Congress.
The proposal faces the same obstacle as Trump's previously floated $2,000 tariff rebate, which never won congressional approval: persuading lawmakers to support a measure that could cost more than $1 trillion.
Trump also promised that oil prices would drop "as soon as we win the war with Iran," which he predicted would end "right after Election Day," November 3.
The conflict has shown little sign of ending since the U.S. and Israel launched strikes on Iran in February, frustrating Trump's efforts to bring it to a close either through military pressure or diplomatic negotiation.
If Republicans lose one or both chambers of Congress in November, it will likely intensify a simmering debate over who will succeed Trump as the party's presidential candidate in 2028. A central figure in that discussion is Vice President JD Vance.
On Thursday night, Vance delivered a keynote address that offered a glimpse of how he might position himself should he seek the presidency. While embracing Trump's populist politics and combative attacks on Democrats, he devoted far more time to themes of family, faith and children's futures than Trump typically does, casting the election as a fight to preserve what he called Americans' "birthright."
Vance was greeted by chants of "48, 48" – a reference to the idea he could be the 48th U.S. president after Trump, the 47th. "We got to take care of business this November, then we'll worry about what comes next," he said.
A key unknown is whether Trump will eventually anoint a successor, and the president gave no hint of his thinking when he took the stage after Vance. His endorsement could carry enormous weight after a decade in which he reshaped the party and built a fiercely loyal base of supporters.
Trump, speaking to reporters later as he boarded Air Force One to return to Washington, said Vance did "very well" and was a "very talented guy."
"He's been a great vice president, and I think he did a very good job," Trump said.